% \iffalse -*- LaTeX -*-
%
%    This is file `cjwplain.dtx'.  You can run this file through
%    LaTeX2e to get a .dvi file of documentation.  The file
%    `cjwplain.ins' should have come with this file.  Run LaTeX2e on
%    it to produce the actual input files.
%
%<+package|tabbing|output> \NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
%<+package> \ProvidesPackage{cjwplain}
%<+tabbing> \ProvidesFile{cjwpltab.clo}
%<+output>  \ProvidesFile{cjwplout.clo}
%<+package|tabbing|output> [1995/05/01 v0.5
%<+package>                         Plain TeX Macros for LaTeX2e---CJW]
%<+tabbing>                 Plain TeX Tabbing Macros for LaTeX2e---CJW]
%<+output>                   Plain TeX Output Macros for LaTeX2e---CJW]
%
% \fi
\def\RCSinfo{$Id: cjwplain.dtx,v 1.2 1998/08/31 22:57:40 cwynne Exp $}

\def\RCSsplit $#1: #2,v #3 #4 #5 #6 #7${
  \gdef\filename   {#2}
  \gdef\fileversion{#3}
  \gdef\filedate   {#4}
  \gdef\filetime   {#5}
  \gdef\fileauthor {#6}
  \gdef\filelocker {#7}}

\expandafter\RCSsplit\RCSinfo
%% \CharacterTable
%%  {Upper-case    \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
%%   Lower-case    \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
%%   Digits        \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
%%   Exclamation   \!     Double quote  \"     Hash (number) \#
%%   Dollar        \$     Percent       \%     Ampersand     \&
%%   Acute accent  \'     Left paren    \(     Right paren   \)
%%   Asterisk      \*     Plus          \+     Comma         \,
%%   Minus         \-     Point         \.     Solidus       \/
%%   Colon         \:     Semicolon     \;     Less than     \<
%%   Equals        \=     Greater than  \>     Question mark \?
%%   Commercial at \@     Left bracket  \[     Backslash     \\
%%   Right bracket \]     Circumflex    \^     Underscore    \_
%%   Grave accent  \`     Left brace    \{     Vertical bar  \|
%%   Right brace   \}     Tilde         \~}
%%
%  \CheckSum{1208}
% 
% \iffalse
%
%<*driver>
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesFile{cjwplain.dtx}
   [\filedate\space v\fileversion\space
    The cjwplain Package for LaTeX2e---CJW]
\documentclass{ltxdoc}
  \GetFileInfo{cjwplain.dtx}
  \RecordChanges
\begin{document}
 \DocInput{\filename}
\end{document}
%</driver>
% \fi
%
% \DeclareRobustCommand{\cseq}[1]{\texttt{\bslash#1}}
% \DeclareRobustCommand{\pkg} [1]{\textsf{#1}}
% \DeclareRobustCommand{\env} [1]{\textsf{#1}}
%
% \title{The \textsf{cjwplain} Package\thanks{%
%   This file has version \fileversion.} \\
%   (\PlainTeX{} under \LaTeXe)}
% \author{Colin J.~Wynne\thanks{E-Mail at:
%   \texttt{cwynne@brutus.mts.jhu.edu},
%   \texttt{cwynne@jhu.edu}\,.}}
% \date{\filedate}
%
% \maketitle
%
% \setcounter{StandardModuleDepth}{1}
%
% {\parskip 0pt		^^A% This is the hack used by |doc.dtx|.
%  			^^A% (bug in \LaTeX?)
%  \tableofcontents
% }
%
% \section*{Introduction}
%
% I first started using \TeX{} some two-and-a-half years ago, having
% been introduced to it by several \TeX nophiles in my college math
% department.  I was aware from the start that there was a somehow
% `bastardised' version of this very good program which went by the
% name `\LaTeX'---invariably referred to by my \TeX{} mentors as
% `Lame\TeX'.  Most of you have probably heard this epithet before.
%
% Well, I count it as a good thing that I was discouraged from using
% \LaTeX{} at first, as I ended up writing quite a lot of \TeX{} code
% for myself before I ever got around to actually reading \textit{The
% \TeX book} in its entirety, which I did only a few
% months ago.  My first real project for \TeX{} was writing a large
% macro set for my undergraduate thesis---table of contents, marks for
% the running heads, chapter and section delineation and so forth.
% This growing library was expanded as I decided I wanted a good set
% of macros for writing outlines and by requirements for various
% papers, such as using endnotes in lieu of footnotes.  This rather
% haphazard collection of mine underwent a major change when I found
% the macro package for NFSS (version 1) under \PlainTeX{}, of which I
% promptly took advantage.
%
% This year I finally got my own computer, mainly to run \TeX{}.
% Given my newly purchased copy of \textit{The \TeX book} and some
% free time, I began to try to organise that cluster of code.  Having
% learned something in the meanwhile about generic markup, and why
% it is preferable, I started rewriting for more generalisation.  Also
% in the meanwhile, \LaTeXe{} had come along, greatly enhancing
% \LaTeX's own use of generic markup.  It also standardised the NFSS,
% which I had so come to appreciate.  Basically, between the various
% chunks of \LaTeXe{} which I had already hacked to work under my
% custom format and the movement towards increasingly generic code by
% both myself and the \LaTeX{} folks, that a convergence was taking
% place, so I finally decided to give \LaTeXe{} a serious looking-at.
%
% I started by printing out the documented source code.  I liked a lot
% of what I saw---but there were two problems.  Some of my favourite
% bits of \PlainTeX{} got left by the wayside.  For doing a lot of
% mathematics, I still find |\eqalign| to be the easiest way of
% aligning a bunch of related equations.  First, it involves less
% typing than a |\begin|\ldots|\end| pair, and I don't often need
% equation numbers---something not easily done away with under vanilla
% \LaTeX.  The bigger concern was that I had a bunch of source files
% that were written under \PlainTeX{} (or, rather, under \emph{my}
% \PlainTeX), and I didn't want to have to make the dozens of minor
% modifications necessary to get them to work under \LaTeX.
%
% So, I decided to learn how \LaTeX{} does things and to do so by
% writing a package that would, at its simplest, let me add a
% |\documentclass| and a |\begin{document}| line to one of my existing
% \PlainTeX{} sourc files and get it to compile under \LaTeX.
%
% Thus, I have written my first \LaTeX{} package.  I consider the main
% feature to be the ability to very easily add NFSS commands to a
% document written under \PlainTeX.  Secondly, maybe it will help
% convince some other \PlainTeX{} die-hards to give \LaTeX{} a try,
% inasmuch as all of their standard commands will be supported.
% Finally, it should let those who use \LaTeX{} exclusively to easily
% deal with \PlainTeX{} files if the need arises.
%
% \pagebreak
% Feel free to let me know if you find this package useful or, of
% course, if you find any bugs or wish to suggest improvements.
%
% \subsection*{This Package}
%
% This package is built over the file |ltplain.dtx|, or, more
% correctly, over those parts of |ltplain.dtx| which were changes to 
% or omissions of the original \PlainTeX{} source.  Some parts,
% specifically font changes, have not been reproduced in their
% entirety, due basically to the fact that such would be a pointless
% exercise.  See the comments in Section \ref{sec:font} for the
% explanation.
%
% Finally, this document prints with all source code because I feel
% the source itself, and the modifications to it, are the best
% documentation. 
%
%
% \section{Package Options}
%
% According to the documented \LaTeXe{} source file |ltplain.dtx|,
%  \begin{quote}
%    \LaTeX\ includes almost all of the functionality of Knuth's
%    original `Basic Macros' That is, the plain \TeX\ format described
%    in Appendix~B of the \TeX{}Book.
%  \end{quote}
% It seems to me that removing the qualifying `almost' would be no bad
% thing. 
%
% The idea behind the available options is that a given user may need
% only certain aspects of \PlainTeX{} added back in for a document.
% Furthermore, the additional code can sometimes be specified in
% different ways---\emph{i.e.}, either strictly according to the
% definitions of \PlainTeX{} or in a manner syntactically identical to
% \PlainTeX{} but functionally grounded in \LaTeX.  The overall goal,
% though, is completeness; I have therefore included everything, in
% one form or another, even when I can't think of a reason why some
% things would be necessary.
%
% There are nineteen regular and two special options available for the
% |cjwplain| package.  (All are entered in standard \LaTeX{} form, as
% optional arguments to the |\usepackage| command.  I only call two of
% them `special' so as to draw attention to them.)
%
% \subsection{Regular Options}
%
% \DescribeMacro{Options}
% The regular options are:
% \changes{v0.5}{1995/06/08}{Added \env{plainskips} and
% \env{plainskipsoff}.} 
%     \begin{center}
%   \begin{tabular}{llll}
% outerallocs     & diagnostics      & plainskips     \\
% outerallocsoff  & diagnosticsoff   & plainskipsoff  \\
% strictline      & tabbing          & strictitem     \\
% strictlineoff   & tabbingoff       & strictitemoff  \\
% eqalign         & magnification    & plainoutput    \\
% eqalignoff      & magnificationoff & plainoutputoff \\
% strictfootnotes & altfootnotes     & footnotesoff   \\
%   \end{tabular}
%     \end{center}
% Note that most of these options come in
% \meta{option}/\meta{option}|off| pairs.  These are
% particularly useful in conjunction with the special options
% (\ref{sec:spec-opts}) or to toggle the default options.  By default,
% the options |diagnostics|, |tabbing| and |eqalign| are active (just
% what I tend to use\ldots).
%
% The actual options will be explained in section \ref{sec:code}.
% Keep in mind, though, that some options affect others---for example
% selecting one of |strictfootnotes| and |altfootnotes| will
% automatically turn the other off; you can, however, disable both
% forms either with |footnotesoff| or by giving the two separate
% \ldots|off| commands separately.  Also, |plainoutput| requires
% |strictfootnotes| and |magnification|, but |plainoutputoff| itself
% does not disable the \PlainTeX{} footnote macros or magnification.
%
% \subsection{Special Options}
%   \label{sec:spec-opts}
%
% \DescribeMacro{none}\DescribeMacro{all}
% Two options, called |none| and |all|, are available to allow maximum
% flexibility.  These function because |cjwplain| calls the starred
% command |\ProcessOptions*| and therefore processes options in the
% order specified to |\usepackage|, and not the package's internal
% declaration order.  Thus, to make only \PlainTeX's tabbing commands
% available, one would use the call
%   \begin{verbatim}
% \usepackage[none,tabbing]{cjwplain}
%   \end{verbatim}
% and to use everything while leaving \LaTeX's |\item| command alone
% one would enter the command
%   \begin{verbatim}
% \usepackage[all,strictitemoff]{cjwplain}
%   \end{verbatim}
% in the preamble.
%
%\StopEventually{\PrintChanges\PrintIndex}
%
% \section{The Code}
%   \label{sec:code}
%
% \subsection{Declarations}
%
% The options are implemented as |\if| statements, as that seemed to
% me to be the easiest way of including or excluding relatively large
% sections of code.  First we allocate the |\if|s.
% \changes{v0.5}{1995/06/04}{Added \cseq{if@plainskips} and related macros
%   for the \textsf{plainskips} option.}
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*package>
\newif\if@outerallocs     \@outerallocsfalse
\newif\if@diagnostics     \@diagnosticstrue
\newif\if@plainskips      \@plainskipsfalse
\newif\if@strictline      \@strictlinetrue
\newif\if@tabbing         \@tabbingtrue
\newif\if@strictitem      \@strictitemfalse
\newif\if@eqalign         \@eqaligntrue
\newif\if@strictfootnotes \@strictfootnotesfalse
\newif\if@altfootnotes    \@altfootnotesfalse
\newif\if@plainoutput     \@plainoutputfalse
\newif\if@magnification   \@magnificationfalse
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Now we declare how the options affect these |\if| tests.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{outerallocs}{\@outerallocstrue}
\DeclareOption{outerallocsoff}{\@outerallocsfalse}

\DeclareOption{diagnostics}{\@diagnosticstrue}
\DeclareOption{diagnosticsoff}{\@diagnosticsfalse}

\DeclareOption{plainskips}{\@plainskipstrue}
\DeclareOption{planiskipsoff}{\@plainskipsfalse}

\DeclareOption{strictline}{\@strictlinetrue}
\DeclareOption{strictlineoff}{\@strictlinefalse}

\DeclareOption{tabbing}{\@tabbingtrue}
\DeclareOption{tabbingoff}{\@tabbingfalse}

\DeclareOption{strictitem}{\@strictitemtrue}
\DeclareOption{strictitemoff}{\@strictitemfalse}

\DeclareOption{eqalign}{\@eqaligntrue}
\DeclareOption{eqalignoff}{\@eqalignfalse}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% We will have two possible ways of providing a |\footnote| command.
% As these are mutually exclusive, we make sure that they cannot both
% be true.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{strictfootnotes}{%
  \@strictfootnotestrue \@altfootnotesfalse}
\DeclareOption{altfootnotes}{%
  \@altfootnotestrue \@strictfootnotesfalse}
\DeclareOption{footnotesoff}{%
  \@altfootnotesfalse \@strictfootnotesfalse}

\DeclareOption{magnification}{\@magnificationtrue}
\DeclareOption{magnificationoff}{\@magnificationfalse}
%    \end{macrocode}
% To use \PlainTeX's entire output routine will require that
% magnification code as well as \PlainTeX{} style footnotes be
% defined.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{plainoutput}{%
  \@plainoutputtrue \@strictfootnotestrue
  \@altfootnotesfalse \@magnificationtrue}
\DeclareOption{plainoutputoff}{\@plainoutputfalse}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The two special options are given.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{none}{%
  \@outerallocsfalse    \@eqalignfalse
  \@diagnosticsfalse    \@plainskipsfalse
  \@strictfootnotesfalse\@strictlinefalse
  \@altfootnotesfalse   \@tabbingfalse
  \@magnificationfalse  \@strictitemfalse
  \@plainoutputfalse}

\DeclareOption{all}{%
  \@outerallocstrue    \@eqaligntrue
  \@diagnosticstrue    \@plainskipstrue
  \@strictfootnotestrue\@strictlinetrue
  \@altfootnotestrue   \@tabbingtrue
  \@magnificationtrue  \@strictitemtrue
  \@plainoutputtrue}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Finally we define a default option handling routine.  I prefer only
% a warning as opposed to an error.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption*{%
  \PackageWarning{cjwplain}{Unknown option `\CurrentOption'}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Now that all the options are declared, we process them in the order
% specified in the package call.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ProcessOptions*
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Allocation Calls: \env{outerallocs}}
%
%\DescribeMacro{\newcount}
%\DescribeMacro{\newdimen}
%\DescribeMacro{\newskip}
%\DescribeMacro{\newbox}
%\DescribeMacro{\newwrite}
%\DescribeMacro{\newfam}
% Originally \PlainTeX{} had all allocation macros (|\newcount|, etc.)
% defined as |\outer|.  \LaTeX{} redefines several of them to be
% non-outer.  Careful consideration has failed to yield to me why
% these would need to be rewritten as |\outer| in this package---any
% \PlainTeX{} file which expects |\outer| definitions would not call
% them in a non-outer position, and any other files would themselves
% have redefined versions of the macros.
%
% Since, however, it is such a small change, we will provide it.
% \textsc{Note:}  Using the |outerallocs| option  will break a good
% deal of standard \LaTeX{} code, namely the standard macros for
% counters and lengths.  This means you probably do \emph{not} want
% to use it.  It is here only for completeness's sake.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\if@outerallocs

\outer\def\newcount{\alloc@0\count\countdef\insc@unt}
\outer\def\newdimen{\alloc@1\dimen\dimendef\insc@unt}
\outer\def\newskip{\alloc@2\skip\skipdef\insc@unt}

\outer\def\newbox{\alloc@4\box\chardef\insc@unt}
\outer\def\newwrite{\alloc@7\write\chardef\sixt@@n}
\outer\def\newfam{\alloc@8\fam\chardef\sixt@@n}

\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Error Processing: \env{diagnostics}}
%
% Any \PlainTeX{} afficianados using this package will feel more
% comfortable to have the standard values for error processing
% information.  One change, though.  \LaTeXe{} uses a \emph{counter}
% named |errorcontextlines|, and not a count.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\if@diagnostics

\showboxbreadth=5
\showboxdepth=3
\setcounter{errorcontextlines}{5}

\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Skips: \env{plainskips}}
% \changes{v0.5}{1995/06/08}{Added the sub-section `Skips'.}
%
% When the |plainskips| option is selected, the three |\|\dots|skip|
% macros should unconditionally leave horizontal mode and insert a
% skip, like in \PlainTeX.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\if@plainskips
  \def\smallskip{\vskip\smallskipamount}
  \def\medskip{\vskip\medskipamount}
  \def\bigskip{\vskip\bigskipamount}
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Fonts}
%  \label{sec:font}
%
% A package already exists whereby oldstyle font commands can be
% given, namely |oldlfont|.  Furthermore, one can use |rawfonts|, if
% necessary, to load in such specific fonts as |\ninebf|, etc.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\font\tenrm=cmr10 % roman text
%    \end{macrocode}
% \qquad$\vdots$
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\textfont\ttfam=\tentt
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{The \cseq{line} Macro: \env{strictline}}
%
%\DescribeMacro{\line}
%\DescribeMacro{\latex@line}
% Now we get to the first tricky part.  The |\line| macro needs to be
% available to the |picture| environment in \LaTeX, as well as
% restoring the original \PlainTeX{} definition for our usage here.
% The good news is that \LaTeX{} \emph{only} uses |\line| inside of
% the |picture| environment.  So we employ the following solution:  we
% keep the definition of |\@@line| as per \LaTeX{} convention, and
% give in any case a user accessible |\plainline|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\let\plainline\@@line

\if@strictline

%\def\@@line{\hbox to\hsize}		% Defined in |ltplain.dtx|
%    \end{macrocode}
% Now we define an internal name for the standard \LaTeX{} macro and
% restore the \PlainTeX{} definition.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\let\latex@line\line
\let\line\@@line
%    \end{macrocode}
% The definitions of  |\leftline|, |\rightline| and |\centerline| can
% be left as is (though users depending upon personal redefinitions of
% |\line| for special effects in these macros should simply put their
% redefinition into the macro |\@@line|).
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\def\leftline#1{\@@line{#1\hss}}
%\def\rightline#1{\@@line{\hss#1}}
%\def\centerline#1{\@@line{\hss#1\hss}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Now we make a patch to the definition of |\@picture| (the workhorse
% macro for the |picture| environment) which will restore the \LaTeX{}
% definition only within that environment.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\@picture(#1,#2)(#3,#4){%
  \let\line\latex@line%
  \@picht#2\unitlength
  \setbox\@picbox\hbox to#1\unitlength\bgroup
    \hskip -#3\unitlength
    \lower #4\unitlength\hbox\bgroup
      \ignorespaces}

\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Tab Alignments: \env{tabbing}}
%
% The tabbing macros from \PlainTeX{} use the |\newif| construction,
% so must occur at an |\outer| level.  Thus, they are included in a
% separate package.
% \changes{v0.5}{1995/06/04}{Use \cseq{InputIfFileExists} instead of
%   \cseq{RequirePackage} to input \pkg{cjwpltab.clo}; otherwise a
%   warning (error?) is produced, since the latter expects a
%   \pkg{.sty} file.}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\if@tabbing
  \InputIfFileExists{cjwpltab.clo}{}{%
    \PackageWarning{cjwplain}{Option `cjwpltab.clo' not found.}
    \@tabbingfalse}
\fi
%</package>
%<*tabbing>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%\DescribeMacro{\cleartabs}
%\DescribeMacro{\settabs}
%\DescribeMacro{\tabalign}
%\DescribeMacro{\+}
% \LaTeX{} may have it's own tabbing environment, but I like
% \PlainTeX's.  The only potential conflict I saw was with the
% \verb|\+| macro.  However, \LaTeX{} only defines \verb|\+| inside of
% the |tabbing| environment itself, so there should be absolutely no
% problem.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifus@ \newif\if@cr
\newbox\tabs \newbox\tabsyet \newbox\tabsdone

\def\cleartabs{\global\setbox\tabsyet\null \setbox\tabs\null}
\def\settabs{\setbox\tabs\null \futurelet\next\sett@b}
\let\+=\relax % in case this file is being read in twice
\def\sett@b{\ifx\next\+\let\next\relax
\def\next{\afterassignment\s@tt@b\let\next}%
  \else\let\next\s@tcols\fi\next}
\def\s@tt@b{\let\next\relax\us@false\m@ketabbox}
\def\tabalign{\us@true\m@ketabbox} % non-\outer version of \+
\outer\def\+{\tabalign}
\def\s@tcols#1\columns{\count@#1 \dimen@\hsize
  \loop\ifnum\count@>\z@ \@nother \repeat}
\def\@nother{\dimen@ii\dimen@ \divide\dimen@ii\count@
  \setbox\tabs\hbox{\hbox to\dimen@ii{}\unhbox\tabs}%
  \advance\dimen@-\dimen@ii \advance\count@\m@ne}

\def\m@ketabbox{\begingroup
  \global\setbox\tabsyet\copy\tabs
  \global\setbox\tabsdone\null
  \def\cr{\@crtrue\crcr\egroup\egroup
\ifus@\unvbox\z@\lastbox\fi\endgroup
\setbox\tabs\hbox{\unhbox\tabsyet\unhbox\tabsdone}}%
  \setbox\z@\vbox\bgroup\@crfalse
\ialign\bgroup&\t@bbox##\t@bb@x\crcr}

\def\t@bbox{\setbox\z@\hbox\bgroup}
\def\t@bb@x{\if@cr\egroup % now \box\z@ holds the column
  \else\hss\egroup \global\setbox\tabsyet\hbox{\unhbox\tabsyet
      \global\setbox\@ne\lastbox}% now \box\@ne holds its size
\ifvoid\@ne\global\setbox\@ne\hbox to\wd\z@{}%
\else\setbox\z@\hbox to\wd\@ne{\unhbox\z@}\fi
\global\setbox\tabsdone\hbox{\box\@ne\unhbox\tabsdone}\fi
  \box\z@}
%</tabbing>
%<*package>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Itemising: \env{strictitem}}
%
%\DescribeMacro{\@@item}
%\DescribeMacro{\plainitem}
% Now we have another problem, namely the |\item| macro.  I
% unfortunately see no way to get around the fact that |\item| is a
% general macro in \LaTeX{}, and that the formats are completely
% different: i.e., \PlainTeX{} expects the \meta{label} to be the one
% mandatory argument, whereas \LaTeX's |\item| macro takes the
% \meta{label} as an optional argument.  Thus, the best I can think of
% is the following.  We redefine \PlainTeX's |\item| after standard
% \LaTeX{} practice,
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\@@item{\par\hang\textindent}
%    \end{macrocode}
% and we |\let| it to something accessible in normal documents, the
% command |\plainitem|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\let\plainitem\@@item
%    \end{macrocode}
% The command |\itemitem| can be taken care of directly.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\itemitem{\par\indent \hangindent2\parindent \textindent}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Now a user will have to replace all occurrences of |\item{foo}| with
% either |\item[foo]| or |\plainitem{foo}| (I imagine the choice will
% depend upon one's editor's facilities with regexps\ldots).  It's not
% perfect, but it's the only way I can think of to provide maximum
% compatibility.  Of course, we will still give the option,
% |strictitem|,  of using
% just the original definition, but that will probably not be terribly
% convenient for anyone trying to add \LaTeX{} features on top of an
% existing \PlainTeX{} source.  Thus, we will also provide the
% (slightly longwinded) replacement |\latexitem|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\if@strictitem
  \let\latexitem\item
  \let\item\@@item
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Miscellaneous}
%
% \subsubsection{Sectioning}
%
% I have personally never used the \PlainTeX{} |\beginsection| macro,
% but somebody might have\ldots
%    \begin{macrocode}
\outer\def\beginsection#1\par{\vskip\z@ plus.3\vsize\penalty-250
  \vskip\z@ plus-.3\vsize\bigskip\vskip\parskip
  \message{#1}\leftline{\bf#1}\nobreak\smallskip\noindent}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Proclamations}
%
% Once again we will leave \LaTeX's NFSS based redefinition, this time
% for the |\proclaim| command, in place.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\outer\def\proclaim #1. #2\par{\medbreak
%  \noindent{\bfseries#1.\enspace}{\slshape#2\par}%
%  \ifdim\lastskip<\medskipamount \removelastskip\penalty55\medskip\fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Paragraph Formatting}
%
% I have done some simple tests of \LaTeX's |\raggedright| macro, and
% it seems to me that it mimics the functionality of the \PlainTeX{}
% macro of the same name.  Therefore I see no reason to redefine it as
% part of this package.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\def\raggedright{%
%  \rightskip\z@ plus2em \spaceskip.3333em \xspaceskip.5em\relax}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Another \LaTeX{} font change will also be left as is.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\def\ttraggedright{\reset@font\ttfamily\rightskip\z@ plus2em\relax}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Accents and Miscellaneous}
%
% These should work as is for \PlainTeX{} documents.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\def\_{\leavevmode \kern.06em \vbox{\hrule \@width.3em}}
%\def\AA{\leavevmode\setbox0\hbox{h}\dimen@\ht0\advance\dimen@-1ex%
%  \rlap{\raise.67\dimen@\hbox{\char'27}}A}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Nor do I see a reason to change these back to \PlainTeX{}
% definitions.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\def\pd#1{\oalign{#1\crcr\hidewidth\sh@ft{08}.\hidewidth}}
%\def\d{\protect\pd}
%
%\def\pb#1{\oalign{#1\crcr\hidewidth\sh@ft{29}%
%\vbox to.2ex{\hbox{\char22}\vss}\hidewidth}}
%\def\b{\protect\pb}
%
%\def\pc#1{\setbox\z@\hbox{#1}\ifdim\ht\z@=1ex\accent24 #1%
%  \else{\ooalign{\unhbox\z@\crcr\hidewidth\char24\hidewidth}}\fi}
%\def\c{\protect\pc}
%
%\def\pt#1{{\edef\next{\the\font}\the\textfont1\accent127\next#1}}
%\def\t{\protect\pt}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% The \LaTeX{} definition of |\ldots| is more or less identical to the
% \PlainTeX{} macro |\dots|.  So we will leave this alone, too.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\def\dots{\ldots}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% These changes, as others before, only add functionality without
% seeming to limit \PlainTeX{} usage, so no change will be made.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\def\hrulefill{\leavevmode\leaders\hrule\hfill\kern\z@}
%\def\dotfill{\leavevmode\cleaders
%     \hbox{$\m@th \mkern1.5mu.\mkern1.5mu$}\hfill\kern\z@}
%
%\def\longrightarrow{\protect\@lra}
%  \def\@lra{\relbar\joinrel\rightarrow}
%\def\longleftarrow{\protect\@lla}
%   \def\@lla{\leftarrow\joinrel\relbar}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Ending the Document}
%
% We simply add the |\bye| macro back in, though the |\end| should be
% changed to the \LaTeX{} |\end{document}|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\outer\def\bye{\end{document}}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%
% \subsubsection{Math Commands}
%
% Operators and other math-mode font-related changes will be ignored
% with as other NFSS alterations already mentioned.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\def\log{\mathop{\rm log}\nolimits}
%\def\lg{\mathop{\rm lg}\nolimits}
%\def\deg{\mathop{\rm deg}\nolimits}
%    \end{macrocode}
%\qquad$\vdots$
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\def\bmod{\mskip-\medmuskip\mkern5mu
%  \mathbin{\rm mod}\penalty900\mkern5mu\mskip-\medmuskip}
%\def\pmod#1{\allowbreak\mkern18mu({\rm mod}\,\,#1)}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Various |\matrix| type command, including |\bordermatrix| and
% |\cases| have similarly been rewritten for NFSS commands under
% \LaTeX. 
%
% \subsection{Math Alignment: \env{eqalign}}
%
%\DescribeMacro{\eqalign}
%\DescribeMacro{\eqalignno}
%\DescribeMacro{\leqalignno}
% If the |eqalign| option has been selected, we add |\eqalign| back
% in, as well as related macros.  Notice that we use the |\@centering|
% macro provided by \LaTeX, because \LaTeX{} itself reserves
% |\centering|.  We also supply a user macro |\plaincentering| in case
% such is needed. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\let\plaincentering\@centering

\if@eqalign

\def\eqalign#1{\null\,\vcenter{\openup\jot\m@th
  \ialign{\strut\hfil$\displaystyle{##}$&$\displaystyle{{}##}$\hfil
      \crcr#1\crcr}}\,}

\def\eqalignno#1{\displ@y \tabskip\@centering
  \halign to\displaywidth{\hfil$\@lign\displaystyle{##}$\tabskip\z@skip
    &$\@lign\displaystyle{{}##}$\hfil\tabskip\@centering
    &\llap{$\@lign##$}\tabskip\z@skip\crcr
    #1\crcr}}
\def\leqalignno#1{\displ@y \tabskip\@centering
  \halign to\displaywidth{\hfil$\@lign\displaystyle{##}$\tabskip\z@skip
    &$\@lign\displaystyle{{}##}$\hfil\tabskip\@centering
    &\kern-\displaywidth\rlap{$\@lign##$}\tabskip\displaywidth\crcr
    #1\crcr}}

\else
%    \end{macrocode}
%\DescribeEnv{eqnarray*}
% If the user does not choose this option, we will instead define an
% |eqnarray*| environment which does not number equations.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\@namedef{eqnarray*}{%
  \let \\ \cr $$\null\,\vcenter{\openup\jot\m@th
  \ialign{\strut\hfil$\displaystyle{##}$&$\displaystyle{{}##}$\hfil\crcr}}}
\@namedef{endeqnarray*}{\crcr}

\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Output Routine: \env{plainoutput}}
%
% The output routines also involve |\newif| commands, and are
% therefore also relegated to a separate package.
% \changes{v0.5}{1995/06/04}{Use \cseq{InputIfFileExists} instead of
%   \cseq{RequirePackage} to input \pkg{cjwplout.clo}; otherwise a
%   warning (error?) is produced, since the latter expects a
%   \pkg{.sty} file.}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\if@plainoutput
  \InputIfFileExists{cjwplout.clo}{}{%
    \PackageWarning{cjwplain}{Option `cjwplout.clo' not found.}
    \@tabbingfalse}
\fi
%</package>
%<*output>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%\DescribeMacro{\headline}
%\DescribeMacro{\footline}
%\DescribeMacro{\pageno}
%\DescribeMacro{\folio}
% If the user wishes to use the entire \PlainTeX{} output routine, we
% first redefine the normal versions of |headline|, |footline| and
% |pageno|, as well as related macros.  We will use NFSS definitions
% in place of |\tenrm|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\countdef\pageno=0 \pageno=1 % first page is number 1
\newtoks\headline \headline={\hfil} % headline is normally blank
\newtoks\footline \footline={\hss\reset@font\folio\hss}
  % footline is normally a centered page number in font \tenrm
\def\nopagenumbers{\footline{\hfil}} % blank out the footline
\def\folio{%
  \ifnum\pageno<\z@ \romannumeral-\pageno \else\number\pageno \fi}
\def\advancepageno{\ifnum\pageno<\z@ \global\advance\pageno\m@ne
  \else\global\advance\pageno\@ne \fi} % increase |pageno|
%    \end{macrocode}
%\DescribeMacro{\raggedbottom}
%\DescribeMacro{\normalbottom}
% We also supply the |\raggedbottom| macro and its counterpart,
% |\normalbottom|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifr@ggedbottom
\def\raggedbottom{\topskip 10\p@ plus60\p@ \r@ggedbottomtrue}
\def\normalbottom{\topskip 10\p@ \r@ggedbottomfalse}
                                       % undoes \raggedbottom
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%\DescribeMacro{\topinsert}
%\DescribeMacro{\midinsert}
%\DescribeMacro{\pageinsert}
% If the entire output routine is being used, we define the
% \PlainTeX{} insertion macros as normal.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newinsert\topins
\newif\ifp@ge \newif\if@mid
\def\topinsert{\@midfalse\p@gefalse\@ins}
\def\midinsert{\@midtrue\@ins}
\def\pageinsert{\@midfalse\p@getrue\@ins}
\skip\topins=\z@skip % no space added when a topinsert is present
\count\topins=1000 % magnification factor (1 to 1)
\dimen\topins=\maxdimen % no limit per page
\def\@ins{\par\begingroup\setbox\z@\vbox\bgroup} % start a \vbox
\def\endinsert{\egroup % finish the \vbox
    \if@mid \dimen@\ht\z@ \advance\dimen@\dp\z@ \advance\dimen@12\p@
  \advance\dimen@\pagetotal \advance\dimen@-\pageshrink
  \ifdim\dimen@>\pagegoal\@midfalse\p@gefalse\fi\fi
    \if@mid \bigskip\box\z@\bigbreak
    \else\insert\topins{\penalty100 % floating insertion
  \splittopskip\z@skip
  \splitmaxdepth\maxdimen \floatingpenalty\z@
  \ifp@ge \dimen@\dp\z@
  \vbox to\vsize{\unvbox\z@\kern-\dimen@}% depth is zero
  \else \box\z@\nobreak\bigskip\fi}\fi\endgroup}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%\DescribeMacro{\plainoutput}
% Now we define the main part of the output routine.  We use |\@@line|
% instead of |\line|, since |\@@line| is guaranteed to have the
% definition we want.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\plainoutput{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline\pagebody\makefootline}%
  \advancepageno
  \ifnum\outputpenalty>-\@MM \else\dosupereject\fi}
\def\pagebody{\vbox to\vsize{\boxmaxdepth\maxdepth \pagecontents}}
\def\makeheadline{\vbox to\z@{\vskip-22.5\p@
  \@@line{\vbox to8.5\p@{}\the\headline}\vss}\nointerlineskip}
\def\makefootline{\baselineskip24\p@\@@line{\the\footline}}
\def\dosupereject{\ifnum\insertpenalties>\z@
                 % something is being held over
  \@@line{}\kern-\topskip\nobreak\vfill\supereject\fi}

\def\pagecontents{\ifvoid\topins\else\unvbox\topins\fi
  \dimen@=\dp\@cclv \unvbox\@cclv % open up \box255
  \ifvoid\footins\else % footnote info is present
    \vskip\skip\footins
    \footnoterule
    \unvbox\footins\fi
  \ifr@ggedbottom \kern-\dimen@ \vfil \fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Finally, we make the \PlainTeX{} output routines active again.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \output{\plainoutput}
%</output>
%<*package>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Page Numbering, Running Heads and Miscellaneous}
%
% We can make the \PlainTeX{} head and foot commands accessible (after
% a fashion), even if the entire output routine is not being used.
% \LaTeXe{} provides the commands |\@oddhead| and |\@evenhead|, as
% well as their footline equivalents.  Therefore we can give the
% following versions.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\if@plainoutput\else

\def\footline{\@ifnextchar ={\@@footline}{\@@footline=}}
\def\@@footline=#1{\gdef\@oddfoot{#1} \gdef\@evenfoot{#1}}

\def\headline{\@ifnextchar ={\@@headline}{\@@headline=}}
\def\@@headline=#1{\gdef\@oddhead{#1} \gdef\@evenhead{#1}}

\def\nopagenumbers{\let\@oddfoot\relax \let\@evenfoot\relax}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Since the \PlainTeX{} |\headline| and |\footline| macros are
% actually tokens, we have to allow that the assignments to them can
% be made with an optional $=$.  The use of |\@ifnextchar =| nicely
% takes care of that.  This will alas be a slightly inefficient use of
% the macros, as many \PlainTeX{} heads and feet already test for odd
% and even pages---but not all of them.  So, we compromise.
%
% Now we can simply make |\pageno| an equivalent for the \LaTeX{}
% counter |\c@page|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\let\pageno\c@page
%    \end{macrocode}
% This means that assignments can either be made in primitive fashion
% directly to |\pageno| or in \LaTeX fashion to the |page| counter.
% We would also like to have the \PlainTeX{} |\folio| macro.  We are
% going to expand upon this slightly, though.  I find |\folio|
% generally to be a useful command, so we will write it in such a way
% as to make it useful with \LaTeX{} counters (as with, say, the
% |\arabic| macro) as well as with counts.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand{\folio}[1][\pageno]{\@folio{#1}}
\def\@folio#1{%
  \edef\@tempa{\string#1}%
  \expandafter\@ifundefined{c@\@tempa}% % Does the counter exist?
    {%					%   No such counter.
      \ifnum #1 <\z@ \romannumeral-#1
        \else \number #1
      \fi
    }%
    {%					%   It is a counter.
      \ifnum\value{#1}<\z@ \roman{#1} \else \arabic{#1} \fi}
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
% This is not, unfortunately, perfect, in that it must be used with an
% optional argument (|\folio[section]|) as opposed to the normal style
% (|\arabic{section}|).  On the other hand, I can't think of many
% applications for |\folio| \emph{other} than page numbering.  At any
% rate, we finish page numbering with the incrementation command.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\advancepageno{\ifnum\pageno<\z@ \global\advance\pageno\m@ne
  \else\global\advance\pageno\@ne \fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% One more bit from the \PlainTeX{} output routine needs to be dealt
% with.  Although \LaTeX's |\raggedbottom| macro will suffice to
% simulate \PlainTeX's command of the same name, we need to add a
% |\let| command to enable \PlainTeX's counterpart, |\normalbottom|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\let\normalbottom\flushbottom
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Insertions}
%
% If the \PlainTeX{} output routine is not being used, we simulate the
% insertions using \LaTeX's |figure| environment.  
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\topinsert{\begin{figure}[t]}
\def\pageinsert{\begin{figure}[p]}
\def\midinsert{\begin{figure}[htpb]}
\def\endinsert{\end{figure}}

\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Footnotes: \env{srictfootnotes},
%   \env{altfootnotes}} 
%
% We define |\@@footnote| as \PlainTeX's footnoting macro.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\newinsert\footins

\let\latex@footnote\footnote

\def\@@footnote#1{\let\@sf\empty % parameter #2 (the text) is read later
  \ifhmode\edef\@sf{\spacefactor\the\spacefactor}\/\fi
  #1\@sf\vfootnote{#1}}
\def\vfootnote#1{\insert\footins\bgroup
  \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
  \splittopskip\ht\strutbox % top baseline for broken footnotes
  \splitmaxdepth\dp\strutbox \floatingpenalty\@MM
  \leftskip\z@skip \rightskip\z@skip \spaceskip\z@skip
  \xspaceskip\z@skip
  \textindent{#1}\footstrut\futurelet\next\fo@t}
\def\fo@t{\ifcat\bgroup\noexpand\next \let\next\f@@t
  \else\let\next\f@t\fi \next}
\def\f@@t{\bgroup\aftergroup\@foot\let\next}
\def\f@t#1{#1\@foot}
\def\@foot{\strut\egroup}
\def\footstrut{\vbox to\splittopskip{}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \LaTeX{} leaves these initializations for the |\footins| insert.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\skip\footins=\bigskipamount % space added when footnote is present
%\count\footins=1000 % footnote magnification factor (1 to 1)
%\dimen\footins=8in % maximum footnotes per page
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Now we have several options for how to really deal with footnotes.
% The easy answer is to do them entirely according to \PlainTeX.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\if@strictfootnotes
  \let\footnote\@@footnote
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% The second option is to just use the \LaTeX{} |\footnote| command.
% This needs no rewriting, of course.  The last option is to rewrite
% \LaTeX's |\footnote| macro to use the \PlainTeX{} format instead of
% the \LaTeX{} format, which uses an optional argument.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\if@altfootnotes
  \def\footnote#1{\latex@footnote[#1]}
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% \LaTeX{} keeps \PlainTeX's |\footnoterule| as the default.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@
%  \hrule \@width 2in \kern 2.6\p@} % the \hrule is .4pt high
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Magnification: \env{magnification}}
%
% The last part of \PlainTeX{} for which we need to account is
% magnification. 
% The magnification macros are easily reinstated, either as part of
% the overall \PlainTeX{} output routine or standalone.  Since the
% |\mag| primitive is not disabled, it \emph{could} still be used in
% \LaTeX.  However, \LaTeX{} does not itself work with |true| units
% any usage of |\magnification| could do some strange things to your
% page layouts.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\if@magnification
  \def\magnification{\afterassignment\m@g\count@}
  \def\m@g{\mag\count@
    \hsize6.5truein\vsize8.9truein\dimen\footins8truein}
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% This brings us to the end of the main package.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%</package>
%    \end{macrocode}
%\Finale