%   
%  \iffalse   
%   
%    The first part is a comment to the reader(s) of `chemsym.dtx'. 
% 
%  chemsym.dtx    Version 2.0a, June 24, 1998   
%  (c) 1995-98 by Mats Dahlgren  (matsd@sssk.se) 
% 
%  Please see the information in file `chemsym.ins' on how you  
%  may use and (re-)distribute this file.  Run LaTeX on the file  
%  `chemsym.ins' to get a .sty-file and instructions.   
% 
%  This file may NOT be distributed if not accompanied by 'chemsym.ins'. 
% 
%<*driver> 
\documentclass[a4paper]{ltxdoc} 
\usepackage{chemsym}
\textwidth=150mm 
\textheight=210mm 
\topmargin=0mm 
\oddsidemargin=5mm 
\evensidemargin=5mm 
  \DocInput{chemsym.dtx}  
%  \PrintChanges 
\end{document} 
%</driver> 
%  \fi 
%   
%  \CheckSum{559} 
%   
%  \def\filename{chemsym.dtx} 
%  \def\fileversion{2.0} 
%  \def\filedate{1998/05/31}\def\docdate{1998/06/24} 
%  \MakeShortVerb{\|} 
%  \date{\docdate} 
%  \title{\textsf{chemsym} -- a \LaTeX{} Macro for Chemical  
%  Symbols\thanks{This document describes \textsf{chemsym} version  
%  \fileversion , and was last updated \docdate .}} 
%  \author{Mats Dahlgren\footnote{Email:\ \texttt{matsd@sssk.se}\ \ \ 
%  Web:\ \texttt{http://www.homenet.se/matsd/}}}  
%  \begin{document} 
%  \maketitle 
%  \begin{abstract} 
%  This document describes the \textsf{chemsym} package, which makes  
%  it easier to type chemical symbols correctly, without having  
%  to worry about math mode or text mode.  Furthermore,  
%  \textsf{chemsym} makes both the super- and the subscript commands  
%  (|^| and |_|) and `\cdot' (|\cdot|) available in text mode.  
%  \\ This file and the package:\ 
%  Copyright \copyright\ 1998 by Mats Dahlgren.  All rights 
%  reserved.  
%  \end{abstract} 
%    
%  \section{Introduction} 
%  \textsf{chemsym} is a \LaTeX{} package which makes it easier to  
%  type chemical symbols correctly.  It defines a command for  
%  each element of the periodic table (the 109 first),   
%  Deuterium, the Methyl, Ethyl and Butyl groups\footnote{% 
%  Suggested by Ulf Henriksson (\texttt{ulf@physchem.kth.se}).}  
%  (for the Propyle group, use |\Pr|, Praseodymium), and the  
%  $-$OH, $-$COOH, and $-$CH groups.\footnote{Suggested in part by
%  Axel Kielhorn (\texttt{i0080108@ws.rz.tu-bs.de})}   
%  The use of the commands results in a up-right  
%  chemical symbol, regardless of whether it is used in  
%  math mode or text mode.  If not followed by a sub- or  
%  superscript, a |(|, a |)|, a |[|, or a |]| a small space  
%  is added (slightly less than what `|\,|' gives). 
%   
%  In late 1997, IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied 
%  Chemistry) issued new recommendations for the 
%  names and symbols for elements 104-109 (``Names and symbols of  
%  transfermium elements (IUPAC recommendations 1997)'',  
%  \textit{Pure and Applied Chemistry} \textbf{1997},  
%  \textsl{69}(12), 2471-2473).  The recommended names are  
%  Rutherfordium, \Rf, Dubnium, \Db, Seaborgium \Sg, Bohrium,  
%  \Bh, Hassnium, \Hs, and Meitnerium, \Mt, respectively.  
%  From the previous recommendations in 1994, all but \Bh and \Mt
%  have changed.  
%  
%  This userguide is also available in \texttt{.pdf}-format 
%  on the internet.  It is found from my \LaTeX\ web page: 
%  \texttt{http://www.homenet.se/matsd/latex/}
%    
%  \section{Userguide} 
%  \subsection{Requirements}      
%  The file |chemsym.sty| must be available in the user's 
%  |TEXINPUTS| directories.   
%  It requires \LaTeXe{} of 1996/12/01 (or newer). 
%    
%  \subsection{Usage} 
%  The package is included by stating\\ 
%  |  \usepackage[|\textit{option}|]{chemsym}| \\ 
%  In the document preamble. 
%  The only option which has any effect on \textsf{chemsym} is  
%  |collision|, see below. 
%    
%  \subsection{Commands}          
%   
%  \DescribeMacro{chemical} \DescribeMacro{symbols}  
%  The \textsf{chemsym} package defines 116 user commands; one for  
%  each of the 109 first elements, Deuterium, the Methyl,  
%  Ethyl and Butyl groups 
%  (for the Propyle group, use |\Pr|, Praseodymium), and the  
%  $-$OH, $-$COOH, and $-$CH groups.  The command  
%  names are all made up of the chemical symbol preceeded by  
%  `|\|'; thus for Nitrogen, \N, you type |\N|, and for Mercury,  
%  \Hg, |\Hg|, etc.  These commands appear to be robust. 
%  To obtain `\CH_2', you simply type `|\CH_2|' in your input  
%  file; `\CH_3' is obtained by typing `|\CH_3|' (of course). 
%  
%  \DescribeMacro{\H}   \DescribeMacro{\O}   \DescribeMacro{\P}  
%  \DescribeMacro{\S}   \DescribeMacro{\Re}  \DescribeMacro{\Pr}  
%  Since there are six commands in \TeX /\LaTeX{}  
%  already of this kind (|\H|, |\O|, |\P|, |\S|, |\Re|, and  
%  |\Pr|), and one environment in $\mathcal{AMS}$-\LaTeX{}  
%  \DescribeMacro{Sb} 
%  (the |Sb| environment),\footnote{Thanks to Thorsten L\"{o}hl  
%  (\texttt{lohl@uni-muenster.de}) for pointing out this.}  
%  these old commands have to be renamed.   
%  The names of choice are shown in the table below.   
%  \MakeShortVerb{\+} 
%  \DeleteShortVerb{\|} 
%  \begin{center} 
%  \begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}  \hline 
%  \TeX{} & With \textsf{chemsym} & Use/Example \\ 
%  command & you write & \\ \hline  
%  +\H+ & +\h+ & The accent in `\h{o}' \\ \hline  
%  +\O+ & +\OO+ & \OO \\ \hline  
%  +\P+ & +\PP+ & \PP \\ \hline  
%  +\S+ & +\Ss+ & \Ss \\ \hline   
%  +\Re+ & +\re+ & $\re$ (in math mode) \\ \hline  
%  +\Pr+ & +\pr+ & $\pr$ (in math mode) \\ \hline  
%  +\begin{Sb}+ & +\begin{SB}+ & (with $\mathcal{AMS}$-\LaTeX) \\ \hline  
%  +\end{Sb}+ & +\end{SB}+ & (with $\mathcal{AMS}$-\LaTeX) \\ \hline  
%  \end{tabular} 
%  \end{center} 
%  \DeleteShortVerb{\+} 
%  \MakeShortVerb{\|} 
%  \DescribeMacro{\kemtkn}  
%  Also, |\kemtkn|, a command  
%  for defining other chemical symbols and similar functions is  
%  available.  |\kemtkn| takes one mandatory argument (the  
%  string to treat as a chemical symbol).  Two other  
%  \DescribeMacro{\nsrrm}   \DescribeMacro{\nsrrms}  
%  internal commands, |\nsrrm| and |\nsrrms| are also  
%  available.  |\nsrrm| simply puts its (mandatory) argument in  
%  |mathrm|.  |\nsrrms| does the same, but also adds a small  
%  space after it.  This space is a second, optional, argument  
%  to |\nsrrms| which should be given in |em| units (without  
%  `|em|').  The default is |0.1em|. 
%  \DescribeMacro{^}   \DescribeMacro{_}  
%  For convenience when typing chemical formulas and units with  
%  exponents, the super- and subscript commands |^| and |_| are  
%  made available also outside of math mode, provided the option  
%  |collision| is \emph{not} specified.  Thus, with  
%  \textsf{chemsym} you can type |m^2| instead of |m$^2$| for m^2 also  
%  in text mode.  Analogously, you can type |\H_2\O| for \H_2\O{}  
%  in both math and text mode and get the same result.   
%  Notice that text which you may put in the arguments of |^|  
%  and |_| automatically is set in math mode.  So if you want  
%  `M_{\mathrm{q}}' you must type |M_{\mathrm{q}}| and not only  
%  |M_q|, the latter comes out as `M_q'.  (This feature is not  
%  seriously disturbing since this feature with |^| and |_| is  
%  intended to be used mainly with numbers in the arguments.)   
%  
%  \DescribeMacro{\cdot} Futhermore, the |\cdot| command  
%  (producing a `\cdot') is also available outside math mode.  This  
%  feature is included to facilitate typing formulas like  
%  ``\CH_3\cdot\CH_3'' (|\CH_3\cdot\CH_3|) also in text  
%  mode.\footnote{Also suggested by Ulf Henriksson  
%  (\texttt{ulf@physchem.kth.se}).}  
%   
%  \subsection{The \texttt{collision} option} 
%   
%  \DescribeMacro{collision} 
%  To avoid probelms with other packages due to |^| (and |_|) being  
%  active, this may be swithced off by stating the option  
%  |collision| when loading the \textsf{chemsym} package.  If you get  
%  the following error message (or a similar), you are likely to have  
%  such a collision with \textsf{chemsym} involved (in this case with  
%  \textsf{longtable}): 
%  \begin{verbatim} 
%    ! Argument of ^ has an extra }. 
%    <inserted text>  
%                    \par  
%    l.120 \end{longtable} 
%                       
%    ?  
%  \end{verbatim} 
%  To solve the problem, state the |collision| option \emph{and}  
%  delete the |.aux| file before running \LaTeX{} again.  Some  
%  packages contain |^^J|-constructs which may not always be apparent  
%  to the user.  One example, which collides with  
%  \textsf{chemsym}, is 
%  the \textsf{multicol} package's warning if you specify only one  
%  column.  In that case, the error message is: 
%  \begin{verbatim} 
%    ! Argument of ^ has an extra }. 
%    <inserted text>  
%                    \par  
%    l.18 \begin{multicols}{1} 
%                           
%    ?  
%  \end{verbatim} 
%  In this case, you \emph{may} come around the problem by specifying  
%  a number of columns $\geq 2$; if not, specify the |collision|  
%  option for the \textsf{chemsym} package. 
%   
%  \section{Examples} 
%   
%  This section gives some simple examples of the use of  
%  \textsf{chemsym}.  To write the formula for water in both math  
%  and text mode,  
%  you type |\H_2\O{}|, which gives \H_2\O{} as result.  Notice  
%  that this differs from typing |\H$_2$\O|, which gives  
%  \H$_2$\O{} as result.  In the first example, there is not  
%  any extra space added after the \H .  This addition of space  
%  makes formulas like \H\C\N{} (|\H\C\N|) easier to read than  
%  just typing |HCN|: HCN. 
%   
%  \newcommand{\hH}{\kemtkn{{}^2H}}   
%  The use of the commands of \textsf{chemsym} is specially useful  
%  when chemical symbols are used as indices in equations.   
%  The following example illustrates this: 
%  \begin{equation} 
%  \mathcal{M}_{\Fe(\H_2\O)_6} = 6\mathcal{M}_{\H_2\O} + \mathcal{M}_{\Fe} 
%  \end{equation} 
%  which was obtained by typing  
%  \begin{verbatim} 
%  \begin{equation} 
%  \mathcal{M}_{\Fe(\H_2\O)_6} = 6\mathcal{M}_{\H_2\O} + \mathcal{M}_{\Fe} 
%  \end{equation} 
%  \end{verbatim} 
%  It is also easy  
%  to define other chemical symbols commands, such as commands  
%  for specific isotopes.  Suppose you rather want to use the  
%  notation \hH{} than \D{} for Deuterium.  This may be  
%  defined as:\\ \hspace*{2mm} |\newcommand{\hH}{\kemtkn{{}^2H}}|\\  
%  (which was  
%  used above: \ldots |notation \hH{} than \D{} for|\ldots).  
%  Internally, \textsf{chemsym} uses a syntax like this to def ine 
%  the various commands for the chemical symbols.\footnote{To make  
%  the command robust,  
%  say \texttt{\textbackslash newcommand$\{$\textbackslash hH$\}\{ 
%  $\textbackslash protect\textbackslash kemtkn$\{\{\}\} 
%  \hat{\ }$2H$\}\}$} 
%  or use the command \texttt{\textbackslash DeclareRobustCommand}  
%  instead of \texttt{\textbackslash newcommand}.}   
%  
%  After running |chemsym.ins| through \LaTeXe, you can typeset  
%  the Periodic Table of the Elements by running \LaTeXe{} on  
%  the file |pertab.tex|.  (It fits fine on an A4 paper, and there  
%  should be no problem with a U.S.\ lettersize paper as well.)    
%  The Periodic Table requires the \textsf{rotating} package, which  
%  in turn requires the packages \textsf{graphicx} and  
%  \textsf{ifthen}. 
%   
%  \section{Known Problems}   
%   
%  \begin{itemize} 
%  \item 
%  Since \textsf{chemsym} makes |^| and |_| active, it will collide  
%  with other packages which make use of constructs like |^^J|  
%  (\textit{e.~g.} the \textsf{longtable} package).  To avoid this  
%  problem, specify the option |collision| when loading  
%  \textsf{chemsym} (or globally).   
%  \item  
%  If the \textsf{chemsym} package is used together with the  
%  \textsf{rotating} or \textsf{amstex} package, \textsf{chemsym}  
%  should be loaded last.   
%  \item  
%  If the \textsf{chemsym} package is used together with the  
%  \textsf{fancyheadings} package, \textsf{fancyheadings}  
%  should be loaded after \textsf{chemsym}.\footnote{Thanks 
%  to Lars Reinton (\texttt{larsr@stud.unit.no}) for 
%  pointing out this.} 
%  \item Since \textsf{chemsym} makes |_| and |^| active, these  
%  characters cannot be used in labels when using the  
%  \textsf{chemsym} package, nor in file names loaded in \LaTeX{} runs  
%  loading the \textsf{chemsym} package (unless you specify the  
%  |collision| option).\footnote{Thanks to Axel Kielhorn 
%  (\texttt{i0080108@ws.rz.tu-bs.de}) for pointing out this problem.} 
%  \item Also since |^| is made active, when following after a prime  
%  in math mode (|'|), a ``double superscript'' error is produced  
%  unless a double bracing (|{}|) is included before the |^|  
%  character.\footnote{Thanks to Jeroen Paasschens  
%  (\texttt{paassche@natlab.research.philips.com}) for bringing my  
%  attention to this problem.}  Thus, you should type |x'{}^2|  
%  instead of |x'^2| when using \textsf{chemsym} to obtain $x'{}^2$. 
%  \end{itemize} 
%   
%  \section{Sending a Bug Report} 
%  \textsf{chemsym} is likely to contain bugs, and reports about  
%  them are most welcome.  Before filing a bug report, 
%  please take the following actions: 
%  \begin{enumerate} 
%  \item Ensure your problem is not due to your own input file,  
%     package(s), or class(es); 
%  \item Ensure your problem is not covered in the section  
%     ''Known Problems'' above; 
%  \item  Try to locate the problem by writing a minimal  
%     \LaTeX{} input file which reproduces the problem.   
%     Include the command\\  
%     |  \setcounter{errorcontextlines}{999}|\\  
%     in your input; 
%  \item Run your file through \LaTeX ; 
%  \item Send a description of your problem, the input file  
%     and the log file via e-mail to:\\ 
%     \hspace*{5mm} \texttt{matsd@sssk.se}. 
%  \end{enumerate} 
%  {\itshape Enjoy your \LaTeX!\raisebox{-\baselineskip}{mats d.}} 
% \StopEventually{\vfill\hfill\scriptsize Copyright \copyright  
%  1995-1998 by Mats Dahlgren} 
%  \newpage  
%  
%  \section{The Code}  
%  For the interested reader(s), here is a short description  
%  of the code.  
% \iffalse 
%<*paketkod> 
% \fi 
%  First, the package is to identify itself:   
%    \begin{macrocode}  
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1996/12/01] 
\ProvidesPackage{chemsym}[1998/05/31 v.2.0 Chemical symbols]  
%    \end{macrocode} 
%  First in the real code, we have to rename the old functions  
%  |\H|, |\O|, |\P|, |\S|, |\Re|, and |\Pr|: 
%    \begin{macrocode} 
\let\h=\H 
\let\OO=\O 
\let\PP=\P 
\let\Ss=\S 
\let\re=\Re 
\let\pr=\Pr 
%    \end{macrocode} 
%  Here we check if the $\mathcal{AMS}$-\LaTeX{} package is  
%  loaded, and if so, change the |Sb| environment to be called |SB|. 
%    \begin{macrocode} 
\@ifundefined{Sb}{\def\Sb{\protect\kemtkn{Sb}}}% 
  {\let\SB=\Sb \let\endSB=\endSb} 
%    \end{macrocode} 
%  Now, we make |^|, |_|, and |\cdot| work without |$...$|  
%  also in text mode -- if not switched off.     
%  To do this, we need a boolean and some  
%  option processing\ldots   
%    \begin{macrocode} 
\newif  \ifc@llsn  \c@llsnfalse 
\DeclareOption{collision}{\global\c@llsntrue} 
\DeclareOption*{\OptionNotUsed} 
\ProcessOptions* 
\ifc@llsn\AtEndDocument{% 
  \PackageWarningNoLine{chemsym}{Due to possible collisions with other  
  \MessageBreak packages, super- and subscrips are not avaliable  
  \MessageBreak outside math mode despite your loading of `chemsym'}} 
\else 
  \def\sprscrpt#1{\ensuremath{^{#1}}} 
  \def\sbscrpt#1{\ensuremath{_{#1}}} 
  \catcode`\^ \active  
  \catcode`\_ \active  
  \let^=\sprscrpt  
  \let_=\sbscrpt  
\fi 
\@ifundefined{cd@t}{% 
\let\cd@t=\cdot 
\def\cdot{\ensuremath{\cd@t}}}{} 
%    \end{macrocode} 
%  (The |\@ifundefined| is required for local compatibility reasons  
%  at my former site.)   
%  Then, some general macros are defined: 
%    \begin{macrocode} 
\newcommand{\nsrrm}[1]{\ensuremath{\mathrm{#1}}} 
\newcommand{\nsrrms}[2][0.1]{\ensuremath{\mathrm{#2}\kern #1em}} 
\newcommand{\kemtkn}[1]{\@ifnextchar_{\nsrrm{#1}}{\@ifnextchar^{\nsrrm{#1}}% 
  {\@ifnextchar){\nsrrm{#1}}{\@ifnextchar({\nsrrm{#1}}% 
  {\@ifnextchar]{\nsrrm{#1}}{\@ifnextchar[{\nsrrm{#1}}{\nsrrms{#1}}}}}}}} 
%    \end{macrocode} 
%  As you can see, you can change the spacing in the chemical  
%  formulas by making changes to |\nsrrms|.  This you can do  
%  with |\renewcommand|  
%  in your document preamble or in another package file.   
%  Then we define the  
%  110 commands for chemical symbols: 
%    \begin{macrocode} 
\renewcommand{\H}{\protect\kemtkn{H}} % modified  
\newcommand{\D}{\protect\kemtkn{D}}  
\newcommand{\He}{\protect\kemtkn{He}}  
\newcommand{\Li}{\protect\kemtkn{Li}}  
\newcommand{\Be}{\protect\kemtkn{Be}}  
\newcommand{\B}{\protect\kemtkn{B}}  
\newcommand{\C}{\protect\kemtkn{C}}  
\newcommand{\N}{\protect\kemtkn{N}}  
\renewcommand{\O}{\protect\kemtkn{O}} % modified 
\newcommand{\F}{\protect\kemtkn{F}}  
\newcommand{\Ne}{\protect\kemtkn{Ne}}  
\newcommand{\Na}{\protect\kemtkn{Na}}  
\newcommand{\Mg}{\protect\kemtkn{Mg}}  
\newcommand{\Al}{\protect\kemtkn{Al}}  
\newcommand{\Si}{\protect\kemtkn{Si}}  
\renewcommand{\P}{\protect\kemtkn{P}} % modified  
\renewcommand{\S}{\protect\kemtkn{S}} % modified  
\newcommand{\Cl}{\protect\kemtkn{Cl}}  
\newcommand{\Ar}{\protect\kemtkn{Ar}}  
\newcommand{\K}{\protect\kemtkn{K}}  
\newcommand{\Ca}{\protect\kemtkn{Ca}}  
\newcommand{\Sc}{\protect\kemtkn{Sc}}  
\newcommand{\Ti}{\protect\kemtkn{Ti}}  
\newcommand{\V}{\protect\kemtkn{V}}  
\newcommand{\Cr}{\protect\kemtkn{Cr}}  
\newcommand{\Mn}{\protect\kemtkn{Mn}}  
\newcommand{\Fe}{\protect\kemtkn{Fe}}  
\newcommand{\Co}{\protect\kemtkn{Co}}  
\newcommand{\Ni}{\protect\kemtkn{Ni}}  
\newcommand{\Cu}{\protect\kemtkn{Cu}}  
\newcommand{\Zn}{\protect\kemtkn{Zn}}  
\newcommand{\Ga}{\protect\kemtkn{Ga}}  
\newcommand{\Ge}{\protect\kemtkn{Ge}}  
\newcommand{\As}{\protect\kemtkn{As}}  
\newcommand{\Se}{\protect\kemtkn{Se}}  
\newcommand{\Br}{\protect\kemtkn{Br}}  
\newcommand{\Kr}{\protect\kemtkn{Kr}}  
\newcommand{\Rb}{\protect\kemtkn{Rb}}  
\newcommand{\Sr}{\protect\kemtkn{Sr}}  
\newcommand{\Y}{\protect\kemtkn{Y}}  
\newcommand{\Zr}{\protect\kemtkn{Zr}}  
\newcommand{\Nb}{\protect\kemtkn{Nb}}  
\newcommand{\Mo}{\protect\kemtkn{Mo}}  
\newcommand{\Tc}{\protect\kemtkn{Tc}}  
\newcommand{\Ru}{\protect\kemtkn{Ru}}  
\newcommand{\Rh}{\protect\kemtkn{Rh}}  
\newcommand{\Pd}{\protect\kemtkn{Pd}}  
\newcommand{\Ag}{\protect\kemtkn{Ag}}  
\newcommand{\Cd}{\protect\kemtkn{Cd}}  
\newcommand{\In}{\protect\kemtkn{In}}  
\newcommand{\Sn}{\protect\kemtkn{Sn}}  
\renewcommand{\Sb}{\protect\kemtkn{Sb}}  % modified with AMS-LaTeX  
\newcommand{\Te}{\protect\kemtkn{Te}}   
\newcommand{\I}{\protect\kemtkn{I}}  
\newcommand{\Xe}{\protect\kemtkn{Xe}}  
\newcommand{\Cs}{\protect\kemtkn{Cs}}  
\newcommand{\Ba}{\protect\kemtkn{Ba}}  
\newcommand{\La}{\protect\kemtkn{La}}  
\newcommand{\Ce}{\protect\kemtkn{Ce}}  
\renewcommand{\Pr}{\protect\kemtkn{Pr}} % modified  
\newcommand{\Nd}{\protect\kemtkn{Nd}}   
\newcommand{\Pm}{\protect\kemtkn{Pm}}  
\newcommand{\Sm}{\protect\kemtkn{Sm}}  
\newcommand{\Eu}{\protect\kemtkn{Eu}}  
\newcommand{\Gd}{\protect\kemtkn{Gd}}  
\newcommand{\Tb}{\protect\kemtkn{Tb}}  
\newcommand{\Dy}{\protect\kemtkn{Dy}}  
\newcommand{\Ho}{\protect\kemtkn{Ho}}  
\newcommand{\Er}{\protect\kemtkn{Er}}  
\newcommand{\Tm}{\protect\kemtkn{Tm}}  
\newcommand{\Yb}{\protect\kemtkn{Yb}}  
\newcommand{\Lu}{\protect\kemtkn{Lu}}  
\newcommand{\Hf}{\protect\kemtkn{Hf}}  
\newcommand{\Ta}{\protect\kemtkn{Ta}}  
\newcommand{\W}{\protect\kemtkn{W}}  
\renewcommand{\Re}{\protect\kemtkn{Re}} % modified  
\newcommand{\Os}{\protect\kemtkn{Os}}   
\newcommand{\Ir}{\protect\kemtkn{Ir}}   
\newcommand{\Pt}{\protect\kemtkn{Pt}}   
\newcommand{\Au}{\protect\kemtkn{Au}}  
\newcommand{\Hg}{\protect\kemtkn{Hg}}  
\newcommand{\Tl}{\protect\kemtkn{Tl}}  
\newcommand{\Pb}{\protect\kemtkn{Pb}}  
\newcommand{\Bi}{\protect\kemtkn{Bi}}  
\newcommand{\Po}{\protect\kemtkn{Po}}  
\newcommand{\At}{\protect\kemtkn{At}}  
\newcommand{\Rn}{\protect\kemtkn{Rn}}  
\newcommand{\Fr}{\protect\kemtkn{Fr}}  
\newcommand{\Ra}{\protect\kemtkn{Ra}}  
\newcommand{\Ac}{\protect\kemtkn{Ac}}  
\newcommand{\Th}{\protect\kemtkn{Th}}  
\newcommand{\Pa}{\protect\kemtkn{Pa}}  
\newcommand{\U}{\protect\kemtkn{U}}  
\newcommand{\Np}{\protect\kemtkn{Np}}  
\newcommand{\Pu}{\protect\kemtkn{Pu}}  
\newcommand{\Am}{\protect\kemtkn{Am}}  
\newcommand{\Cm}{\protect\kemtkn{Cm}}  
\newcommand{\Bk}{\protect\kemtkn{Bk}}  
\newcommand{\Cf}{\protect\kemtkn{Cf}}  
\newcommand{\Es}{\protect\kemtkn{Es}}  
\newcommand{\Fm}{\protect\kemtkn{Fm}}  
\newcommand{\Md}{\protect\kemtkn{Md}}  
\newcommand{\No}{\protect\kemtkn{No}}  
\newcommand{\Lr}{\protect\kemtkn{Lr}}  
\newcommand{\Rf}{\protect\kemtkn{Rf}}  
\newcommand{\Db}{\protect\kemtkn{Db}}  
\newcommand{\Sg}{\protect\kemtkn{Sg}}  
\newcommand{\Bh}{\protect\kemtkn{Bh}}  
\newcommand{\Hs}{\protect\kemtkn{Hs}}  
\newcommand{\Mt}{\protect\kemtkn{Mt}}  
%    \end{macrocode} 
%  At last, we define the three alkyle groups and some other  
%  useful groups as chemical symbols:   
%    \begin{macrocode} 
\newcommand{\Me}{\protect\kemtkn{Me}}  
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%</paketkod> 
%<*periodsyst> 
\documentclass[]{article} 
\usepackage[dvips]{rotating} 
\usepackage{chemsym} 
\textwidth=170mm 
\oddsidemargin=-6mm 
\evensidemargin=-6mm 
\textheight=270mm 
\topmargin=-25mm  
\parindent=0em 
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\begin{document} 
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{3pt} 
\begin{sidewaystable} 
\vspace*{-24mm} 
\begin{tabular}{|*{18}{c|}}  
\multicolumn{18}{c}{ } \\[3mm]  
\multicolumn{18}{c}{\LARGE Periodic Table of the Elements} \\  
\multicolumn{18}{c}{with relative atomic masses 1993 according to IUPAC} \\  
\multicolumn{18}{c}{ } \\[-2mm] \hline 
\textbf{1} & \textbf{2} & \textbf{3} & \textbf{4} & \textbf{5} &  
\textbf{6} & \textbf{7} & \textbf{8} & \textbf{9} & \textbf{10} &  
\textbf{11} & \textbf{12} & \textbf{13} & \textbf{14} & \textbf{15} &  
\textbf{16} & \textbf{17} & \textbf{18} \\  
\textbf{(I)} & \textbf{(II)} & & & & & & & & & & & \textbf{(III)} &  
\textbf{(IV)} & \textbf{(V)} & \textbf{(VI)} & \textbf{(VII)} &  
\textbf{(VIII)} \\ \hline  
\multicolumn{18}{c}{ } \\[-2mm] \cline{1-1} \cline{18-18} 
_1 & \multicolumn{16}{c|}{ } & _2\\  
\H & \multicolumn{16}{c|}{ } & \He\\  
^{1.00794} & \multicolumn{16}{c|}{ } & ^{4.002602} \\ \cline{1-2}  
\cline{7-8} \cline{13-18} 
_3 & _4 & \multicolumn{4}{c|}{ } &  
\multicolumn{2}{c|}{_{\mathrm{Atomic\ number}}} &  
\multicolumn{4}{c|}{ } 
& _5 & _6 & _7 &  
_8 & _9 & _{10}\\  
\Li & \Be & \multicolumn{4}{c|}{ } &  
\multicolumn{2}{c|}{Symbol} &  \multicolumn{4}{c|}{ } 
& \B & \C & \N & \O & \F & \Ne\\  
^{6.941} & ^{9.012182} & \multicolumn{4}{c|}{ } &  
\multicolumn{2}{c|}{^{\mathrm{Relative\ atomic\ mass}^\ast}} &  
\multicolumn{4}{c|}{ } & ^{10.811} &  
^{12.011} & ^{14.00674} & ^{15.9994} & ^{18.9984032} & ^{20.1797} \\  
\cline{1-2} \cline{7-8} \cline{13-18} 
_{11} & _{12} & \multicolumn{10}{c|}{ } & _{13} &  
_{14} & _{15} & _{16} & _{17} & _{18} \\  
\Na & \Mg & \multicolumn{10}{c|}{ } & \Al &  
\Si & \P & \S & \Cl & \Ar\\  
^{22.989768} & ^{24.3050} & \multicolumn{10}{c|}{ } &  
^{26.981539} & ^{28.0855} & ^{30.973762} & ^{32.066} &  
^{35.4527} & ^{39.948} \\ \hline  
_{19} & _{20} & _{21} & _{22} & _{23} & _{24} &  
_{25} & _{26} & _{27} & _{28} & _{29} & _{30} &  
_{31} & _{32} & _{33} & _{34} & _{35} & _{36}\\  
\K & \Ca & \Sc & \Ti & \V & \Cr & \Mn & \Fe & \Co & \Ni & \Cu & \Zn &  
\Ga & \Ge & \As & \Se & \Br & \Kr\\  
^{39.0983} & ^{40.078} & ^{44.955910} & ^{47.867} &  
^{50.9415} & ^{51.9961} & ^{54.93805} & ^{55.845} &  
^{58.93320} & ^{58.6934} & ^{63.546} & ^{65.39} & ^{69.723} &  
^{72.61} & ^{74.92159} & ^{78.96} & ^{79.904} & ^{83.80} \\ \hline 
_{37} & _{38} & _{39} & _{40} & _{41} & _{42} &  
_{43} & _{44} & _{45} & _{46} & _{47} & _{48} &  
_{49} & _{50} & _{51} & _{52} & _{53} & _{54} \\  
\Rb & \Sr & \Y & \Zr & \Nb & \Mo &  
\Tc & \Ru & \Rh & \Pd & \Ag & \Cd &  
\In & \Sn & \Sb & \Te & \I & \Xe\\  
^{85.4678} & ^{87.62} & ^{88.90585} & ^{91.224} & ^{92.90638} &  
^{95.94} & ^{(98)} & ^{101.07} & ^{102.90550} & ^{106.42} &  
^{107.8682} & ^{112.411} & ^{114.818} & ^{118.710} &  
^{121.760} & ^{127.60} & ^{126.90447} & ^{131.29} \\ \hline 
_{55} & _{56} & & _{72} & _{73} & _{74} &  
_{75} & _{76} & _{77} & _{78} & _{79} & _{80} &  
_{81} & _{82} & _{83} & _{84} & _{85} & _{86} \\  
\Cs & \Ba & \raisebox{1.5mm}[0pt][0pt]{\La --} & \Hf & \Ta &  
\W & \Re & \Os & \Ir & \Pt & \Au & \Hg &  
\Tl & \Pb & \Bi & \Po & \At & \Rn\\  
^{132.90543} & ^{137.327} & \raisebox{1.5mm}[0pt][0pt]{\Lu} &  
^{178.49} & ^{180.9479} &  
^{183.84} & ^{186.207} & ^{190.23} & ^{192.217} & ^{195.08} &  
^{196.96654} & ^{200.59} & ^{204.3833} & ^{207.2} &  
^{208.98037} & ^{(209)} & ^{(210)} & ^{(222)} \\ 
\hline   
_{87} & _{88} & & _{104} & _{105} & _{106} &   
_{107} & _{108} & _{109} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{$_{\ast\ast}$} \\  
\Fr & \Ra & \raisebox{1.5mm}[0pt][0pt]{\Ac --} & \Rf & \Db &   
\Sg & \Bh & \Hs & \Mt\\  
 ^{(223)} & ^{(226)} & \raisebox{1.5mm}[0pt][0pt]{\Lr} & ^{(261)} &  
^{(262)} & ^{(263)} & ^{(262)} & ^{(265)} & ^{(266)} \\ 
\cline{1-9}   
\multicolumn{18}{c}{ } \\ \cline{3-17} 
\multicolumn{2}{c|}{ } & _{57} & _{58} & _{59} & _{60} & _{61}  
& _{62} & _{63} & _{64} & _{65} & _{66} & _{67} & _{68} & _{69}  
& _{70} & _{71} \\  
\multicolumn{2}{c|}{ } & \La &  
\Ce & \Pr & \Nd & \Pm & \Sm & \Eu & \Gd & \Tb & \Dy & \Ho & \Er & \Tm &  
\Yb & \Lu \\  
\multicolumn{2}{c|}{ } & ^{138.9055} & ^{140.115} &  
^{140.90765} & ^{144.24} & ^{(145)} & ^{150.36} & ^{151.965} &  
^{157.25} & ^{158.92534} & ^{162.50} & ^{164.93032} &  
^{167.26} & ^{168.93421} & ^{173.04} & ^{174.967} \\ \cline{3-17} 
\multicolumn{2}{c|}{ } & _{89} &  
_{90} & _{91} & _{92} & _{93} & _{94} & _{95} &  
_{96} & _{97} & _{98} & _{99} & _{100} &  
_{101} & _{102} & _{103} \\  
\multicolumn{2}{c|}{ } & \Ac &  
\Th & \Pa & \U & \Np & \Pu & \Am & \Cm & \Bk & \Cf & \Es & \Fm &  
\Md & \No & \Lr \\  
\multicolumn{2}{c|}{ } & ^{(227)} & ^{(232.0381)}& ^{(231.03588)} &  
^{(238.0289)}& ^{(237)} & ^{(239)} & ^{(243)} & ^{(247)} &  
^{(247)} & ^{(251)} & ^{(252)} & ^{(257)} & ^{(258)} &  
^{(259)} & ^{(262)} \\ \cline{3-17} 
\multicolumn{18}{c}{ } \\[5mm] 
\multicolumn{1}{r}{$^\ast$} &  
\multicolumn{17}{l}{Relative atomic mass based on  
$A_{\mathrm{r}}(^{12}\C )\equiv 12$ (after IUPAC ``Atomic Weights  
of the Elements 1993'', \textit{Pure and Applied Chemistry,}  
\textbf{1994,} \textsl{66}(12), 2423-} \\ 
\multicolumn{1}{c}{{ }} &  
\multicolumn{17}{l}{2444). For elements which lack stable isotope(s) is  
the mass number for the most stable isotope given in parentheses,  
or for \Th, \Pa{} and \U{} the relative }\\ 
\multicolumn{1}{c}{{ }} &  
\multicolumn{17}{l}{atomic mass given by IUPAC for the isotopic mixture  
present on Earth.  } \\ 
\multicolumn{1}{r}{$^{\ast\ast}$} &  
\multicolumn{17}{l}{Chemical symbols for elements 104 -- 109  
according to IUPAC ``Names and Symbols of Transfermium Elements  
(IUPAC Recommendations 1997)'', \textit{Pure} } \\  
\multicolumn{1}{c}{{ }} &  
\multicolumn{17}{l}{\textit{and Applied Chemistry,}  
\textbf{1997,} \textsl{69}(12), 2471-2473.} \\ 
\multicolumn{18}{r}{\scriptsize Copyright \copyright{} 1995 - 1998  
  by Mats Dahlgren.} \\ 
\end{tabular} 
\end{sidewaystable} 
\end{document} 
%</periodsyst> 
% \fi 
% \Finale 
% 
\endinput